Experience from East Mediterranean shows that some states use maritime activities as opportunities for tensions and sovereignty disputes. Such opportunities include SAR operations and broadcasting NAVTEX messages. Notable cases are also navigation and operation of warships, military aircraft and fishing boats.
The new draft EU Horizon Europe has a research and innovation (RIA) action entitled "Controlling infection on large passenger ships" (Topic HORIZON-CL5-2021-D6-01-12). The expected results of this action are given below: